International Business

Introduction The U.S. home appliance market has become increasingly competitive, with Whirlpool employing various strategies to maintain its market share. However, from 2014 to 2017, Samsung and LG rapidly expanded their market presence, threatening Whirlpool’s position. In response, Whirlpool filed a safeguard petition with the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC). Background of the Case In … Read more

Case study: Lord of the Movies Time Warner is a global media and entertainment leader with businesses spanning television networks, publishing, and film entertainment. Their global reach extends to audiences worldwide. New Line Cinema’s “The Lord of the Rings” trilogy was historically successful, earning nearly $3 billion worldwide and winning 17 Academy Awards. The final … Read more

Introduction: Global Expansion of K-Pop and the Role of International Partnerships The global success of K-Pop in recent decades owes much to strategic alliances with leading international record companies. Among these, the long-term partnership between HYBE and Universal Music Group (UMG) exemplifies how K-Pop agencies apply international trade theories to enter and strengthen their presence … Read more

Introduction: The Global Influence of Hallyu The Korean Wave, or Hallyu, has transformed from a regional phenomenon into a global cultural force, encompassing music, television dramas, films, and more. This widespread popularity has opened avenues for leveraging intellectual property (IP) associated with Hallyu content to expand business operations internationally. By adopting franchise business models, companies … Read more

Introduction: The Global Surge of K-Pop The K-Pop industry has experienced a remarkable global expansion, leading to significant increases in the export of albums and merchandise. This international growth, while beneficial economically, has introduced challenges related to trade regulations, tariffs, and environmental concerns. Increase in K-Pop Album Exports In 2024, the monetary value of K-Pop … Read more

Introduction: The Global Rise of K-Pop The Korean pop music industry, commonly known as K-Pop, has witnessed a meteoric rise on the global stage. Central to this phenomenon are three major entertainment companies: SM Entertainment, YG Entertainment, and JYP Entertainment. Each has employed distinct strategies to penetrate international markets, reflecting various international trade theories. SM … Read more

Introduction: The Globalization of K-Pop Over the past decade, K-Pop has transcended South Korean borders, evolving into a global phenomenon. Central to this expansion is the remarkable increase in K-Pop album exports, driven by a burgeoning international fanbase. This article examines the trajectory of K-Pop album exports and the pivotal role global fandoms have played … Read more

Case study Walmart’s international expansion exemplifies the growth of global trade and economic interdependence. Starting with a single store in Mexico in 1991, Walmart now operates approximately 11,500 stores worldwide, with over 6,200 stores across 27 countries outside the US. As one of the world’s largest companies with nearly $486 billion in global sales, Walmart … Read more

Introduction: A New Era of International Earnings As South Korean entertainment companies expand globally through platforms such as Spotify and Apple Music, they are generating significant revenue from international streams. However, collecting and converting this revenue into Korean Won (KRW) introduces a range of financial and regulatory challenges. The global music streaming market presents opportunities, … Read more

Introduction: The Digital Transformation of K-Pop Commerce The K-Pop industry is at the forefront of integrating blockchain technology into mainstream entertainment. As fan engagement becomes increasingly digital, the use of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) and crypto-based platforms has opened new avenues for monetization, community-building, and fan interaction. From digital collectibles to decentralized content platforms, K-Pop is … Read more