International Business

Introduction: The Globalization of K-Pop and Financial Dynamics As K-Pop continues to captivate audiences worldwide, South Korean entertainment companies are increasingly organizing international tours to meet global demand. However, the financial viability of these tours is significantly influenced by currency exchange rates, particularly the strength of the U.S. dollar. Currency Exchange Rates and Tour Expenses … Read more

Introduction: Currency Volatility in a Global K-Pop Industry As K-pop continues to expand its global footprint, South Korean entertainment companies such as HYBE, SM, JYP, and YG face increasing exposure to foreign exchange (FX) risk. These firms generate significant revenue from global markets, including income from album sales, online streaming, concerts, and brand collaborations. However, … Read more

Understanding the Relationship Between Currency Values and Cultural Exports The global proliferation of K-Pop has positioned South Korea as a significant exporter of cultural content. However, the dynamics of international trade mean that factors such as exchange rate fluctuations can substantially influence export performance. This article examines how variations in the value of the South … Read more

3. Fixed Exchange Rate Systems Throughout history, governments have attempted to establish stable exchange rate systems to reduce uncertainty in international trade. Gold standard One of the earliest examples was the gold standard, which required countries to link the value of their currencies to a fixed amount of gold. This system provided stability by ensuring … Read more

The Euro’s Impact on Europe’s Economy The euro, introduced as Europe’s single currency, has significantly impacted the continent’s economy. Initially, it traded at parity with the US dollar before rising to $1.57, reflecting confidence in the eurozone’s growth. However, the global credit crisis and economic downturn revealed weaknesses in heavily indebted European economies, leading to … Read more

Appendix I: The Plaza Accord and Its Devastating Impact on the Japanese Economy 1. Background of the Plaza Accord The Plaza Accord, signed on September 22, 1985, was an agreement among five major economies—the United States, Japan, West Germany, France, and the United Kingdom—to coordinate foreign exchange interventions to depreciate the overvalued U.S. dollar. At … Read more

1. Overview of CJ CheilJedang and the Role of Globalization in Its Expansion CJ CheilJedang, established in 1953, is a leading South Korean multinational company specializing in food production, biotechnology, and pharmaceuticals. Originally part of the Samsung Group, the company became independent in 1993 and has since evolved into a global food powerhouse. As a … Read more

Case Study: Apple’s Global Impact Apple Inc. is a prime example of globalization in action. The company designs its products in the United States, sources components from multiple countries, and assembles them in China. Through its App Store, Apple enables developers worldwide to create and distribute applications, further integrating the global economy. However, Apple’s global … Read more

📘 International Business Explore how the world connects, trades, and grows. International Business is more than just strategy or logistics.It’s a multidisciplinary field that draws from economics, law, culture, psychology, and more — to explain how global business really works. 🧱 International Business – Contents & Activities 🔵 PART 1: Global Business Environment Chapter 1: … Read more